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Basic server installation
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*************************
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This chapter provides an overview of how to install Ubuntu Server Edition. You
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can also refer to this guide on
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:ref:`how to operate the installer <operate-server-installer>` for more
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information on using the installer, and to this
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:doc:`screen-by-screen reference guide <screen-by-screen>` for more
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information about each of the installer screens.
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Preparing to install
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====================
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This section explains various aspects to consider before starting the
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installation.
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System requirements
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-------------------
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Ubuntu Server Edition provides a common, minimalist base for a variety of
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server applications, such as file or print services, web hosting, email hosting,
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etc. This version supports four 64-bit architectures:
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* amd64 (Intel/AMD 64-bit)
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* arm64 (64-bit ARM)
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* ppc64el (POWER8 and POWER9)
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* s390x (IBM Z and LinuxONE)
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The recommended system requirements are:
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* CPU: 1 gigahertz or better
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* RAM: 1 gigabyte or more
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* Disk: a minimum of 2.5 gigabytes
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Perform a system backup
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-----------------------
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Before installing Ubuntu Server Edition you should make sure all data on the
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system is backed up.
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If this is not the first time an operating system has been installed on your
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computer, it is likely you will need to re-partition your disk to make room
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for Ubuntu.
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Any time you partition your disk, you should be prepared to lose everything on
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the disk should you make a mistake or something goes wrong during partitioning.
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The programs used in installation are quite reliable, most have seen years of
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use, but they also perform destructive actions.
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Download the server ISO
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-----------------------
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You can obtain the amd64 server download from `releases.ubuntu.com <https://releases.ubuntu.com/>`_.
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Select the version you wish to install and select the "Server install image"
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download. Note that the server download includes the installer.
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There are platform-specific how-to guides for installations on:
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* `s390x LPAR <https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/interactive-live-server-installation-on-ibm-z-lpar-s390x/16601>`_
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* `z/VM <https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/interactive-live-server-installation-on-ibm-z-vm-s390x/16604>`_
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* `ppc64el <https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/using-a-virtual-cdrom-and-petitboot-to-start-a-live-server-installation-on-ibm-power-ppc64el/16694>`_
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Create a bootable USB
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---------------------
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There are many ways to boot the installer but the simplest and most common way
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is to
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`create a bootable USB stick <https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/create-a-usb-stick-on-ubuntu>`_
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to boot the system to be installed with
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(`tutorials for other operating systems <https://ubuntu.com/search?q=%22create+a+bootable+USB+stick%22>`_
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are also available).
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Perform the installation
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========================
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Now that you have prepared your installation medium, you are ready to install.
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Boot the installer
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------------------
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Plug the USB stick into the system to be installed and start it.
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Most computers will automatically boot from USB or DVD, though in some cases
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this is disabled to improve boot times. If you don't see the boot message and
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the "Welcome" screen which should appear after it, you will need to set your
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computer to boot from the installation media.
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There should be an on-screen message when the computer starts, telling you what
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key to press for settings or a boot menu. Depending on the manufacturer, this
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could be :kbd:`Escape`, :kbd:`F2`, :kbd:`F10` or :kbd:`F12`. Restart your
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computer and hold down this key until the boot menu appears, then select the
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drive with the Ubuntu installation media.
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If you are still having problems, see the
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`Ubuntu Community documentation on booting from CD/DVD <https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootFromCD>`_.
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After a few moments, the installer will start in its language selection screen.
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.. image:: figures/basic-installation-start-screen.png
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:alt: Welcome screen of the Server installer showing the language selection options
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Using the installer
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-------------------
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The installer is designed to be easy to use and have sensible defaults, so for
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a first installation you can accept the defaults:
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* Choose your language.
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* Update the installer (if offered).
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* Select your keyboard layout.
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* Do not configure networking (the installer attempts to configure wired
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network interfaces via DHCP, but you can continue without networking if this
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fails).
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* Do not configure a proxy or custom mirror unless you have to in your network.
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* For storage, leave "use an entire disk" checked, and choose a disk to install
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to, then select "Done" on the configuration screen and confirm the installation.
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* Enter a username, hostname and password.
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* On the SSH and snap screens, select "Done".
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* You now see log messages as the installation is completed.
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* Select restart when this is complete, and log in using the username and
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password provided.
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